Oct 18, 2011 the agitation had started months before the government formally announced the partition. This effort culminated in the partition of bengal in 1905. While the partition split the province between west bengal, in which the majority was hindu, and the east, where the majority was muslim, the 1905 partition left considerable minorities of hindus in east bengal and muslims in. The first partition of bengal in 1905 brought that province to the brink of open rebellion. Muslims were pleased created a new eastern that provided them with a power base. Partition of bengal 1905 followings are some important points to remember about partition of bengal which are often repeated in different exams in shape of mcqs. Lord curzon was the viceroy of india from 1899 to 1905. John brodick approved the plan in june and consequently the province of. In july 1905, the government had shown intention of dividing bengal. This article talks about the partition of bengal, 1905 and the causes, effects and outcomes of the partition.
Partition of bengal, 1905, division of bengal carried out by the british viceroy. Jan 27, 2018 cbse and icse students maths, science, sst, computer and other all subjective knowledge at one place so just subscribe it and share it to all educational group. The first bengal partition in 1905 the british decision to partition india was not a new idea. The bengali patriots carrying flags of united bengal and slogans of unity is strength marched through the streets of calcutta and they reached town hall. Partition of bengal finding the bengal presidency too large for one governor to administer, in 1905, the british decided to redraw its boundaries and divide it into two parts. On 7 august 1905, one of the first mass protests was organised in calcuttas town hall. The presidency of bengal was the most populous province. Aug 06, 2015 lord curzon during viceroyalty 1899 1905 of india chose out one of the several schemes for partition. The government of india promulgated their final decision in a resolution dated july 19, 1905 and the partition of bengal was effected on october 16 of same year. Partition of bengal reasons for partition the partition took place in bengal in 1905, because of some main purposes. In the first decade of the twentieth century, the partition of bengal started to create the strong national movement of the extremists in india. Viceroy 18991905 convinced imperialist, believed in paternalistic, benevolent autocratic rule aggressively expanded indian borders up to chinese sinkiang in hindu kush, military expedition to tibet in.
Jun 28, 2018 the partition of bengal gave rise to many other unfortunate incidents, which led to the loss of many innocent lives. View partition of bengal research papers on academia. The partition of bengal was duly affected on 16 october 1905. Even today, the bengal partition is subjected to various debates. The partition separated the largely muslim eastern areas from the largely hindu western areas on 16 october 1905 after being announced on 19 july 1905 by the. The partition of bengal in 1905, was made on october 16, by then viceroy of india, lord curzon. What were the causes and effects of the partition of bengal. Partition of bengal has generated a great deal of debate on the question of motive. Firstly, because of vastness of the province, the british viceroy lord curzon parted bengal. Reaction and growth of sectarianism the partition movement was strongly opposed from the beginning by the bengali hindu middleclass, who felt it was a deliberate blow by the british against the solidarity of the bengalispeaking population.
Lord curzon, the viceroy of india decided to partition bengal for administrative purposes, creating a new province of east bengal and assam, with a population of 31 million people and with its capital at dhaka. If you continue browsing the site, you agree to the use of cookies on this website. Curzon established a new province called eastern bengal and assam, which had its capital at dhaka. In 1905, lord curzon 18991905 divided bengal into two parts to make it easy for the british government to govern it due to its large size 189,000 square miles and admittedly lofty number of population 80 million. Lord curzon announced the partition of bengal on 16 october 1905. On 20 july 1905, lord curzon issued an order dividing the province of bengal into two parts i. Bengal was the size of france but there were great differences between east and west the east being the more neglected. Curzon decided the eastern region was neglected and undergoverned. The partition took effect in october 1905 and separated the largely muslim eastern areas from the largely hindu western areas. After the british crushed the sepoy rebellion of 1875, they dissolved the east india company and took direct control of the province. Make my exam powered by ibt institute 261,897 views 30. In 1905, the first partition in bengal was implemented as an administrative preference, making governing the two provinces, west and east bengal, easier. The line drawn by lord curzons government, however, cut through the.
Inspite of the separation of assam which had taken with it the bengali. In 1905 20 july, when lord curzon announced the partition of bengal with the intention of imperialism, a severe reaction was made at the whole of bengal. British control extended from eastern bengal across the entire ganges. Swadeshi movement was one of the most momentous events in indian freedom struggle in history of india. Whereas previous studies of the end of british rule in india have concentrated on the negotiations of the transfer of power at the allindia level or have considered the emergence of separatist politics amongst indias muslim minorities, this study provides a reevaluation of the history of bengal focusing on the political and social processes that led to the demand for. Partition of bengal, 1905 effected on 16 october during the viceroyalty of lord curzon 1899 1905, proved to be a momentous event in the history of modern bengal. Bengal, which included bihar and orissa since 1765, was admittedly much too large for a single province of british india. Curzons partition of bengal in 1905 is one of the legends of the freedom movement.
Partition of bengal and swadeshi movement partition of bengal. The moslem chronicle, the central national muhamedan association, chowdhury kazemuddin ahmad siddiky and dilawar hossain abmed condemned the proposed measure. Partition of bengal 1905 important mcqs of pakistan study. It began a transformation of the indian national congress from a middleclass pressure group into a nationwide mass movement. Steps towards partition bengal at the time of lord curzon was the biggest and most populated province unable to be governed by a single person, or so the official record runs. While the partition split the province between west bengal, in which the majority was hindu, and the east, where the majority was muslim, the 1905 partition left considerable minorities of hindus in east bengal and muslims in west bengal. Eastern bengal and assam with a population of 31 million and the rest of bengal with a population of 54 million, of whom 18 million were bengalis and 36. Modern indian history partition of bengal tutorialspoint. It included the hindispeaking regions of bihar, the oriyaspeaking regions of orissa as well as the assamesespeaking region of assam, making it a huge administrative entity. Newspapers and pamphlets played a huge role in generating arguments, protests, riots and, ultimately, assassinations over the 19051911 partition of bengal. The bengal partition,background,partition,political crisis.
In 1905 the british governor general, lord george curzon, divided bengal into eastern and western sectors in order to improve administrative control of the huge and populous province. After lord curzon took charge as governor general of india. In the same year 1905 in the month of july the government decision to partition bengal was announced. The secretaries of the bengal antipartition agitation. In an era before radio, tv and the internet, the printing press was the. The partition of bengal in 1947, part of the partition of india, divided the british indian province. Lord curzon felt the need of the partition of bengal and submitted the scheme to the british government in february, 1905. Bengal in those days was the biggest province of india extending over 1, 89, 000 square miles with a population of 80 million. It was carried out mainly for the convenience of administration. Partition of bengal, 1905 effected on 16 october during the viceroyalty of lord curzon 18991905, proved to be a momentous event in the history of modern bengal.
The partition created deep hatred that lingers sixtyfive years later. West bengal, orissa and bihar was on one side and the erstwhile east bengal and assam was on the other. His worst measure was the partition of bengal 1905. The muslims in east bengal had the impression that a separate region would give them more opportunity for education, employment etc. The conditions for the emergence of militant nationalism had developed when in 1905 the partition of bengal was announced. The overall population of this province was 85 million people. So, in 1903 a proposal was made to separate chittagong division and the districts of dhaka and. Muslim reaction to partition of bengal when the proposal for partition was first published in 1903 there was expression of muslim opposition to the scheme. Jun 06, 2002 whereas previous studies of the end of british rule in india have concentrated on the negotiations of the transfer of power at the allindia level or have considered the emergence of separatist politics amongst indias muslim minorities, this study provides a reevaluation of the history of bengal focusing on the political and social processes that led to the demand for partition in bengal and. On 16 october 1905 bengal province was redistributed by the viceroy lord curzon, apparently for administrative efficiency. In bengal, partition frustrated the plans and purposes of the very groups that had demanded it. Cbse and icse students maths, science, sst, computer and other all subjective knowledge at one place so just subscribe it and share it to all educational group. One can count on dr asok mitra to say things that very few dare to say and most do not even notice or perceive. The partition of bengal 1905 study material exams daily.
It was comprising of bengal, behar and orissa and was under the. Partition of bengal 1905 is also known as banga vanga andolon in india. The dicision to split bengal came in july and by october 16, 1905, bengal had been divided into piston bengal and assam with a population of 31 million and the rest of bengal with a population of the 4 million of who 18 million were bengalis, a. There should be some mention of the swadeshi movement since it was triggered by the partition of bengal. The partition of the indian subcontinent in 1947 saw the birth of india and pakistan in an unprecedented human tragedy. Oct 18, 2007 partition of bengal, 1905 effected on 16 october during the viceroyalty of lord curzon 1899 1905, proved to be a momentous event in the history of modern bengal. The partition of bengal in 1905, was made on october 16, by then viceroy of india. The agitation had started months before the government formally announced the partition. It was said that the existing province of bengal was too big to be efficiently administered by a single provincial government. Why was bengal of british india partitioned in 1905. Introduction the decision to effect the partition of bengal was announced in.
The decision to partition the state of bengal was announced by. The history textbooks i studied in school contained no more than a passing reference to it, which is a shame given the significance of that chapter in the context of indias struggle for. The partition of bengal 1905 from pages of history. Introduction background reasons for partition political crises anti partition movement spread of the movement reaction of the british government reunification and aftermath significance of the movement strength to the national movement. The provincial state of bengal had an area of 189,000 sq. The partition of bengal gave rise to many other unfortunate incidents, which led to the loss of many innocent lives. What was the contribution of the press during partition of. The original partition in 1905 wasnt an ad hoc decision by lord curzon, there were periods of talks held in dhaka, chittagong and mymensingh. Nov 20, 2009 partition of bengal 1905 slideshare uses cookies to improve functionality and performance, and to provide you with relevant advertising. In an era before radio, tv and the internet, the printing press was the main medium for spreading information and ideas. The partition of bengal in 1905 was made on october 16 by viceroy curzon. The british recognized that bengal, with some 85 million people, was much too large for a single province and determined that it merited reorganization and intelligent division. Partition of bengal 1905 and its annulment in 1911 bengal, bihar and orissa had formed a single province under british india since 1765.
In 1912 the british voided the partition of bengal, a decision that heightened the growing. The decision to effect the partition of bengal was announced in july 1905 by the viceroy of india, lord curzon. When lord george nathaniel curzon became viceroy of india on july 19, 1905, he formulated a policy that would make the country a homogeneous. The partition of bengal was the most important event during the rule of lord curzon. Now he secretly began to plan for the partition of bengal.
The partition of bengal was enforced in 1905 by viceroy lord curzon for administration purposes. Jun 17, 2015 partition of bengal 1905 followings are some important points to remember about partition of bengal which are often repeated in different exams in shape of mcqs. Download partition of bengal 1905 notes pdf from the link given below. Why the hindu oppose the partition of bengal between 1905 and 1911. What were the causes and effects of the partition of. May 25, 20 newspapers and pamphlets played a huge role in generating arguments, protests, riots and, ultimately, assassinations over the 1905 1911 partition of bengal. Apr 22, 2015 partition of bengal outside of the state of west bengal, the first partition of bengal in 1905 is today a largely forgotten chapter in indian history. On july 20th 1905, the first partition of bengal along religious lines was approved in london by the secretary of state of india.
Partition of bengal 1905 facts and general knowledge. It was comprising of bengal, behar and orissa and was under the central of one lieutenant governor. The partition of the bengal province came into effect during his viceroyalty on 16 th october 1905. The provinces of bengal and assam were reconstituted to form two provinces of manageable sizewest bengal, with a population of 54 million 42 million hindus and 18.
Around 1905, bengal had become the nerve centre of the indian nationalism. The idea of partitioning bengal did not originate with curzon. The opposition to the bengal partition manifested itself in a militant nationalism and the swadeshi movement. Partition of bengal outside of the state of west bengal, the first partition of bengal in 1905 is today a largely forgotten chapter in indian history. Eastern bengal and assam with a population of 31 million and the rest of bengal with a population of 54 million, of whom 18 million were bengalis and 36 million were biharis. In 1905, the first partition in bengal was implemented as an administrative.
By splitting the province, an improved administration could be established. Partition agitations and the role of the ulama ever since the constitution of assam as the chief commissioners province in 1874, the presidency ofbengal comprised ofbengal proper, bihar and orissa and chota nagpur. It was said that the existing province of bengal was too big to be efficiently administered by a. Partition of bengal, 1905, division of bengal carried out by the british viceroy in india, lord curzon, despite strong indian nationalist opposition. This brought a mass agitation in bengal and through out india. Bengal was as large as france but with a significantly larger population. The new province of east bengal happened to be a muslim majority province, which the hindus and congress strongly resented.
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